The new connector.php shouldn't be necessary if you did a manual install of dokuwiki, only if dokuwiki was installed by the debian/ubuntu package manager.
I've been checking over debian and ubuntu and studying your avi. Your problem seems to occur only after a re-save, maybe after several re-saves. So that has me puzzled as to why it would change after it seems to work.
Try this: load an image into the editor, save the file, and then go back into the editor and right-click on the image--it will pop up the image properties dialog, and it's at this point that you should see the fetch.php syntax in the URL field, something like:
/angua/lib/exe/fetch.php?w=200&h=263&media=123456.png
The fetch syntax will not appear when you initially load the image (so I may have originally mis-read your avi).
Also, were you using fckgLite before without any problems? I wasn't clear about that, that is, whether you had only recently installed it or had been using it for some time without any trouble. Also, you are on a VPS--is that new or have you been there all along? I'm just trying to find the point at which the problem started. The only plugin difference seems to be the vshare which you deleted. Have you tried to manually clean out the Dokuwiki cache? That is, go to data/cache and just delete all files and directories.
Also, from your avi I see you are setting the image alignment. Obviously you should be able to do this, but see what happens if you don't do this. Again, I'm just trying to figure out what's going on.