There is no setting in the core search engine for this.
It would either need to be implemented in the core or you can also change the search engine to one that supports it (but might not support other things the core one supports). All currently available alternative search engines are very old, though, and might not work. The
solr plugin or
sphinxsearch plugin might support approximate string matching. (I haven't checked.) Even if those plugins don't work or don't support it, they can give you some pointers how to implement one.
It might be worth opening a GitHub issue to ask for an implementation in the core.